Tips for Fighting with Inferiority Complex

Tips for Fighting with Inferiority Complex How to Struggle With the Feeling of Inferiority What is interiority? How to realize you have it? How to overcome it? If you want to learn about it, then continue reading. Where the Inferiority Complex Comes from When someone criticizes you or you see somebody doing something better than you, this may drive you to the idea to eliminate your weaknesses. It motivates you to become better in that area, so that you stop feeling inferior. You improve yourself and finally become more self-confident. However, there are people who have such a strong feeling of inferiority that it is not useful anymore. Such inferiority complex paralyzes a person, instead of motivating him or her. As a result, a person feels extreme shyness, worthless, and social anxiety. How to Struggle with This Feeling Stop comparing yourself to others Comparison may cause not only the feeling of inferiority but the feeling of superiority, too. However, look at this issue closer: why is everyone better than you? We tend to concentrate on peoples best qualities and then to compare ourselves to them. In reality, it is unavoidable that some people are better than you are just because they definitely spend more time practicing in a particular field. When you compare yourself to someone who succeeds in something, you probably neglect other areas of that persons life. So, just stop doing it. Accept yourself and appreciate your uniqueness. Stop using social media so much This advice is one of the best practical tips and insights on how to overcome that feeling of inferiority. When you see other peoples pictures on Facebook, you may experience inferiority or self-doubt. But you should realize that we usually present just the best parts of our lives in social networks. Everyone has sad or boring days in their lives, which are just edited out from Facebook. Stop trying to hide your flaws The inferiority complex psychology often presupposes such habit. People who are insecure about their appearance try to hide their flaws. They tend to wear baggy black closes if they do not like their bodies. They always try to strike certain poses in photos. They constantly check their reflection in mirrors. They are wearing too much makeup. All of these examples are the ways of trying to control how the surrounding people see you, so that you can avoid their judgment of particular qualities. Nevertheless, you should realize that all that just makes you feel more depressed and self-conscious. Stop doing it. You should realize that most people might even not notice your flaws until you focus on hiding them.

Spanish Words for Snow and Winter Weather

Spanish Words for Snow and Winter Weather An urban legend has it that the Eskimo language has 25 (or many more, depending on the version) words for snow. While the statement is seriously flawed, it does have some truth to it: Living languages, by their very nature, come up with the words or means to describe nearly everything that people talk about and to differentiate among them. While Spanish may not be a language instantly associated with snow - most Spanish-speaking countries are in moderate climates - it has plenty of words and phrases for the white stuff, as this listing shows. Words and Phrases for Snow and Related Phenomena el agua nieve, el aguanieve: sleet, rain mixed with snowel chubasco: intense snow showerla conchesta: large snowdriftcopo, copo de nieve: snowflakela cornisa de nieve: cornicela cubiera de nieve: snow covercubierto de nieve: snow-coveredel cà ºmulo de nieve: snowdriftla escarcha: frostescarchado: covered with frostel glaciar: glacierla granizada: hailstormel granizo: hail, sleet, hailstone. The verb form is granizar.el granizo blando: soft hail, graupel, snow pelletla helada: frosthelado: (adjective) frozen, very coldel hielo: icela nevada: snowfall; the amount of snow that has fallen over a period of time without interruptionel nevado: snow-capped mountain, snowcap (Latin American usage)nevar: to snow (The Spanish verb is defective in that it is used only in the third-person singular form.)la nevasca: fallen snow, snowfall, snowstorm, blizzardla nevazà ³n: snowstorm (word used in parts of South America)el nevero: permanent mountain snowfield or the snow in such a snowfieldla nieve : snowla nieve amontanada: driven snow la nieve artificial: artificial snowla nieve derretida: melted snow, snowbrothla nieve dura: crusty snow, packed snowla nieve fresca: fresh snowla nieve fusià ³n: snow that becomes almost liquid when it is skied or slid uponla nieve hà ºmeda: wet snowla nieve medio derretida: slushla nieve polvo: powder snow; a more colloquial term is nieve azà ºcar. meaning sugar snowla nieve primaveral: spring snowlas nieves: snowfallla nieve seca: dry snowla nieve virgen: virgin snowla piedra: hailstone (the word can refer to any type of stone)la rfaga: flurry (the word can also be used to refer to a rain shower)la tormenta de nieve: snowstormla ventisca: blizzardventiscar, ventisquear: to blow snow with a strong wind, to blow a blizzardel ventisquero: snowdrift Spanish Words for Items or Situations Related to Snow aislado por la nieve: snowbound, snowed under, snowed inel alud: avalanchela avalancha: avalanchebloqueado por la nieve: snowbound, snowed under, snowed inla bolita de nieve, la bola de nieve: snowballlas cadenas para nieve: snow chainscegado por la nieve: snow-blindel esquà ­: skiesquiar: to skila motonieve: snowmobileel muà ±eco de nieve: snowmanla quitanieve, la quitanieves: snowplowla raqueta de nieve: snowshoeel snowboard: snowboardla tabla para nieve: snowboardel traje de invierno: snowsuit, winter clothing Translations of English Words or Phrases Using snow Blancanieves: Snow Whitetomarle el pelo a alguien: to do a snow job on someonela nieve, la cocaà ­na: snow (slang term meaning cocaine)el raspado: snowcone (term used in parts of Latin America) Sample Sentences Siguià ³ nevando todo el dà ­a. (It kept on snowing  all day.)Si has llegado a tu destino y continà ºa granizando, no salgas del coche hasta que pare o se debilite la tormenta. (If you have arrived at your destination and it keeps on hailing, dont leave your car until it stops or the storm weakens.)El frà ­o de la noche originà ³ una capa de hielo en el parabrisas. (The cold of the night created a layer of ice on the windshield.)La nieve dura es una de las nieves ms difà ­ciles de esquiar. (Packed snow is one of the most difficult snows for skiing.)El nieve polvo de Colorado es legendaria. (The powder snow of Colorado is legendary.)Los turistas de la motonieve han llegado a la meta, totalmente agotados pero muy satisfechos. (The snowmobile tourists have arrived at the destination, totally worn out but very satisfied.)Corrà ­amos el riesgo de quedar bloqueados por la nieve. (We ran the risk of remaining snowed in.)Una fuerte nevada cayà ³ en las altas cumbres, donde la gente llegà ³ a armar muà ±ecos. (A heavy snowfall fell in the high peaks, where people arrived to build snowmen.)

Various Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Various - Coursework Example The founder of Keep a Child Alive Organization, Leigh Blake was inspired to initiate the organization in 2003 after a life changing encounter at an AIDS Research and Family Care Clinic, an institution which she funds, located in Mombasa, a coastal town in Kenya. A single mother named Anne brought her three-year-old son for medicinal care, and she refused to leave the institution until she got â€Å"drugs that you have in the States for your children.† Blake, who had been previously involved in several AIDS campaigns through her musical career background and film career, agreed to pay for the drugs that Anne’s son needed. By so doing this, the Keep a Child Alive idea was cultivated (KCA, 2014). The medications that Anne’s son needed were valued at 12000 dollars a year from New York University AIDS Research Department. It did not take long before word of Blake’s work inspired other artists, film stars, and even medical practitioners. Peter Edge became the fi rst donor and soon after music sensation; Alicia Keys joined the foundation as the Keep a Child Alive Organization (KCA) global Ambassador. In 2003, KCA- Keep a Child Alive foundation was founded officially. The Kenyan clinic that marked Blake`s turning point became a model facility to inspire other facilities in the African continent and the developing third world countries. Keep a Child Alive Foundation focuses on bringing attention of the great AIDS epidemic that threatens and shreds the population of sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of third world developing countries. Keep a Child Alive Foundation`s efforts focus primarily on sub-Saharan Africa since it is the most affected region in the world. The sub-Saharan region of Africa host`s sixty-four percent of all HIV-infected persons. The foundation facilitates access to ARV - Anti-Retroviral Virus- medicines, a wide series of support services which

Write an essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Write an - Essay Example Black represents boldness while whi represents light. Indeed, this piece of art is a reflection of a traditional era but there is life in it. First impression: My first impression of this piece of art was hilarious and I was so fascinated about the way it looked liked. The piece of art was so gigantic and resembling a true image of a living human being. However, what impressed more about this piece of art was the size. Extended viewing: Even the biggest person I have ever imagined could not match the size of the person portrayed by this sculpture. My initial impression about this piece of art was positive since it shows a high degree of artistry skill where a true image of a living human being can be designed using different types of material such as metal and bronze. Line: line is emphasized in the form of height in this piece of art. Height entails that the sky is the limit and this implies that human beings can achieve anything they want in their lives if they commit themselves to that particular action. The human beings are endowed with the brains and they can achieve whatever they want in order to improve their lives. Space: The other element of art portrayed in this piece is related to space. It can be observed that the piece of art is proportionally presented meaning that it occupies adequate space to be in control of the surrounding environment. The space shows that the person represented has free movement and can control the environment around him. Balance: The principle of design that is emphasized in this piece of art is related to the aspect of balance. Apart from the enormous height of the piece of art, it can be seen that it is balanced and firmly upright. This reflects great skill of the artist to show that they can defy other natural elements that can otherwise make it impossible for such a huge feature to stand upright. The colors are also balanced in order to make the art attractive to the viewer. These

Body language Essay Example for Free

Body language Essay I wasnt too sure on what to wear when I performed my interaction. From previous research into communication I am aware that this can affect the quality of communication. For example dark and gloomy clothes sometimes can indicate you being in bad mood and could prevent clients approaching you. However if you were to wear bright and colourful clothes then it would give the impression that you are happy and friendly and easier to approach. I decided to go for clothes in the middle of bright and dark, however I am still unsure whether this had an effect on the communication shown. At the end of my interaction I gave a member of the group my questionnaire to fill in about the interaction (appendix 1). I wanted to make sure that I gained some feedback from interaction to see whether I was effective in achieving my purpose. I structured that questionnaire very simply, and clear so the child would have no problem in being able to fill it in. the child who I asked to complete my questionnaire filled it all in, and they ticked YES for every box. This would indicate to me that my interaction was a success on the basis of that it was fun, exciting, and there was nothing too bad that affected them in the interaction. This would show that I was successful in achieving my purpose, which to me is a great accomplishment. I got some feedback from this pupil on the questionnaire which was very interesting and useful, however I wanted to make sure that I had an assessment sheet filled in about me to look more specifically at my skills that I demonstrated, what was good about them, what was bad and also to see if I achieved my purpose. Therefore I gave Mrs Paterson, an observation sheet about me to fill in (appendix 2) you can see from the sheet that Mrs Paterson rated me highly on most of the skills. However there were a few points which she had to make. PERSONAL IMPROVEMENTS AND ACTION PLAN One of my main problems that occurred during this interaction was that I found it very hard to observe the type of communication, group layout which was going on as well as performing my own personal communication skills within the group. I think that if I was going to do the interaction again I would probably video record it therefore I could go back and see what I did wrong but also what type of communication skills and patterns occurred. This would be a very effective way in which I could evaluate myself critically in order to create a more efficient action plan. I expressed before about how I felt very nervous and intimidated by the interaction. I think that this could be improved by practice, and just making sure that I remain as calm as I possibly can. Being aware of my body language too is essential too. I also feel that to improve the quality of the interaction I would need to find out ways in which I could include other group members, which were lacking in joining in. I am not entirely sure on a method which I could choose to help me learn this other than teacher training, and obviously this is not possible. However what would be possible is to talk to some teachers, to find out information about how to make clients feel valued and belonged within the group more than what I know already. I gave the observation sheet to Mrs Paterson to write about my interaction. Mrs Paterson did rate me slightly lower on a couple of issues. These were really useful to me in aiding me to create a realistic action plan. For example she quoted: Tone of voice at times she found it difficult to calm her voice down, due to nervousness. Â  Appropriate responsiveness and calmness again Leanne found it hard at times to remain calm, however it did improve towards the end. I completely agree with the comments that Mrs Paterson made about my poor communication. I knew that I was finding it hard to calm down and make my voice and body language relaxed during the interaction. I did feel that I made an improvement towards the end whilst I got into the activity more. This is definitely something I need to work on and improve for further interactions such as this. I am going to make a conscious effort to improve on the poor things about my interaction, because it is vital that I can be effective whilst communicating. Im going to make sure that when Im in an interaction such as this I am going to try and calm myself down before I enter the group interaction. There were so many things that I have become aware or further whilst doing this interaction. And again I feel that it is essential for me to be trained, or get more experience in interacting within a group. For me to improve my interaction I would need to study my assessment sheet to look at where I went wrong, and how I could improve it to make sure that a next interaction is Im proved and that I have learnt from my poor communication. CONCLUSION This experience has been a very large learning experience for me. Before this I had learnt about all the different types of effective communication, however I never actually knew how incredibly difficult it is to put them into practice. There is so much for and health and care social worker to remember when interacting with their clients. I think that it takes a very talented person to be good at their job within this area. I enjoyed my interaction with the group so much, and I have already decided to go back in the future, to try my group interaction to perhaps try out my action plan. What made this experienced even more enjoyable is the fact that the children relished the activity as much as what I did. When I went to go after my interaction I was actually disappointed on how quickly the time had gone. The children who I was working with seemed to have formed a bond with me and were also upset to see me go too. I think that I was very successful in achieving my purpose of the interaction, and this was reflected through not only the effective communication skills I demonstrated but also that of the amount of enjoyment we all experienced. This has certainly given me a lot to contemplate on, I have learn a lot about myself, as well as how imperative effective communication is in this type of setting. Another thing, which I think has been a vital learning point, is the fact that health and social care workers give so much to their clients. Teachers need to make sure that they are demonstrating communication skills the whole time, but also to leave their own personal or emotional problems at home, because it can effective the relationships between them and the clients. This must be extremely hard to do. I would imagine that this job is very satisfying.

The Land is Mine Essay -- Hebrew Scriptures

The author identifies and analyzes six discrete land ideologies found in the Hebrew Scriptures that have influenced its readers. (preface) In his book land refers to not only as physical realities where there is dirt and rocks, and where plants are growing, and where humans build their cities. Land refers to a social symbol with a range of meanings in which we construct its meanings for ourselves.(p.1) A subtle distinction between theology and ideology can be ; biblical theology is the doctrine and discourse about God expressed within a biblical literary unit that reflect the living faith of a given community, and Biblical ideology is a wider complex of images and ideas that may employ theological doctrines, traditions, or symbols to justify and promote the social, economic, and political interests of a group within society.(p.10) The evidence that they both are closely interrelated can be found in the biblical Prophets such as Jeremiah or Amos The author has taken five basic categories of analysis for exploring the land ideologies. ; Dominant images of the land, Location of God ( what is God’s position relative to the land?), Locus of power in the land (locus of power and interest), Charter justifying entitlement to the land (who is justified in claiming and why?), Rights to/of the land (what rights do people have to the land?) (p.14) Land as the Source of Wealth: A Royal Ideology This justifies the king’s right to control and rule the kingdom and basically â€Å"to this royal land ideology are the concepts of the land as the source of wealth, the divine right of the monarch to appropriate that wealth, and the entitlement of the monarch as God’s representative to have dominion over the whole earth as an empire.†(p.17) The author ... ...tes respect the ownership of the land YHWH holds. YWH is a local landowner and the land is YHWH’s extended sanctuary.(p.99) Land as Host Country: An Immigrant Ideology Abraham immigrated with his household to Canaan to settle down. In the course of Abraham’s journey to the land, he did not have to confront with hostile indigenous people; it is written â€Å"They set forth to go to the land of Canaan, and they came to the land of Canaan.† (Gen. 12:5) (p.118) Abraham shared the land through generous grants, peaceful negotiations, or legal purchase. Abraham found God at sacred sites. Abraham’s rights and responsibilities were not those of a monarch or conqueror, but involve acknowledging YHWH as the host deity, teaching justice to the Abraham household, establishing peaceful relations with the peoples of the land, and dealing justly with the land itself.(p.132)

Angels Demons Chapter 49-50

49 Langdon and Vittoria stood alone now outside the double doors that led to the inner sanctum of the Secret Archives. The decor in the colonnade was an incongruous mix of wall-to-wall carpets over marble floors and wireless security cameras gazing down from beside carved cherubs in the ceiling. Langdon dubbed it Sterile Renaissance. Beside the arched ingress hung a small bronze plaque. ARCHIVIO VATICANO Curatore: Padre Jaqui Tomaso Father Jaqui Tomaso. Langdon recognized the curator's name from the rejection letters at home in his desk. Dear Mr. Langdon, It is with regret that I am writing to deny†¦ Regret. Bullshit. Since Jaqui Tomaso's reign had begun, Langdon had never met a single non-Catholic American scholar who had been given access to the Secret Vatican Archives. Il gaurdiano, historians called him. Jaqui Tomaso was the toughest librarian on earth. As Langdon pushed the doors open and stepped through the vaulted portal into the inner sanctum, he half expected to see Father Jaqui in full military fatigues and helmet standing guard with a bazooka. The space, however, was deserted. Silence. Soft lighting. Archivio Vaticano. One of his life dreams. As Langdon's eyes took in the sacred chamber, his first reaction was one of embarrassment. He realized what a callow romantic he was. The images he had held for so many years of this room could not have been more inaccurate. He had imagined dusty bookshelves piled high with tattered volumes, priests cataloging by the light of candles and stained-glass windows, monks poring over scrolls†¦ Not even close. At first glance the room appeared to be a darkened airline hangar in which someone had built a dozen free-standing racquetball courts. Langdon knew of course what the glass-walled enclosures were. He was not surprised to see them; humidity and heat eroded ancient vellums and parchments, and proper preservation required hermitic vaults like these – airtight cubicles that kept out humidity and natural acids in the air. Langdon had been inside hermetic vaults many times, but it was always an unsettling experience†¦ something about entering an airtight container where the oxygen was regulated by a reference librarian. The vaults were dark, ghostly even, faintly outlined by tiny dome lights at the end of each stack. In the blackness of each cell, Langdon sensed the phantom giants, row upon row of towering stacks, laden with history. This was one hell of a collection. Vittoria also seemed dazzled. She stood beside him staring mutely at the giant transparent cubes. Time was short, and Langdon wasted none of it scanning the dimly lit room for a book catalog – a bound encyclopedia that cataloged the library's collection. All he saw was the glow of a handful of computer terminals dotting the room. â€Å"Looks like they've got a Biblion. Their index is computerized.† Vittoria looked hopeful. â€Å"That should speed things up.† Langdon wished he shared her enthusiasm, but he sensed this was bad news. He walked to a terminal and began typing. His fears were instantly confirmed. â€Å"The old-fashioned method would have been better.† â€Å"Why?† He stepped back from the monitor. â€Å"Because real books don't have password protection. I don't suppose physicists are natural born hackers?† Vittoria shook her head. â€Å"I can open oysters, that's about it.† Langdon took a deep breath and turned to face the eerie collection of diaphanous vaults. He walked to the nearest one and squinted into the dim interior. Inside the glass were amorphous shapes Langdon recognized as the usual bookshelves, parchment bins, and examination tables. He looked up at the indicator tabs glowing at the end of each stack. As in all libraries, the tabs indicated the contents of that row. He read the headings as he moved down the transparent barrier. Pietro Il Erimito†¦ Le Crociate†¦ Urbano II†¦ Levant†¦ â€Å"They're labeled,† he said, still walking. â€Å"But it's not alpha-author.† He wasn't surprised. Ancient archives were almost never cataloged alphabetically because so many of the authors were unknown. Titles didn't work either because many historical documents were untitled letters or parchment fragments. Most cataloging was done chronologically. Disconcertingly, however, this arrangement did not appear to be chronological. Langdon felt precious time already slipping away. â€Å"Looks like the Vatican has its own system.† â€Å"What a surprise.† He examined the labels again. The documents spanned centuries, but all the keywords, he realized, were interrelated. â€Å"I think it's a thematic classification.† â€Å"Thematic?† Vittoria said, sounding like a disapproving scientist. â€Å"Sounds inefficient.† Actually†¦ Langdon thought, considering it more closely. This may be the shrewdest cataloging I've ever seen. He had always urged his students to understand the overall tones and motifs of an artistic period rather than getting lost in the minutia of dates and specific works. The Vatican Archives, it seemed, were cataloged on a similar philosophy. Broad strokes†¦ â€Å"Everything in this vault,† Langdon said, feeling more confident now, â€Å"centuries of material, has to do with the Crusades. That's this vault's theme.† It was all here, he realized. Historical accounts, letters, artwork, socio-political data, modern analyses. All in one place†¦ encouraging a deeper understanding of a topic. Brilliant. Vittoria frowned. â€Å"But data can relate to multiple themes simultaneously.† â€Å"Which is why they cross-reference with proxy markers.† Langdon pointed through the glass to the colorful plastic tabs inserted among the documents. â€Å"Those indicate secondary documents located elsewhere with their primary themes.† â€Å"Sure,† she said, apparently letting it go. She put her hands on her hips and surveyed the enormous space. Then she looked at Langdon. â€Å"So, Professor, what's the name of this Galileo thing we're looking for?† Langdon couldn't help but smile. He still couldn't fathom that he was standing in this room. It's in here, he thought. Somewhere in the dark, it's waiting. â€Å"Follow me,† Langdon said. He started briskly down the first aisle, examining the indicator tabs of each vault. â€Å"Remember how I told you about the Path of Illumination? How the Illuminati recruited new members using an elaborate test?† â€Å"The treasure hunt,† Vittoria said, following closely. â€Å"The challenge the Illuminati had was that after they placed the markers, they needed some way to tell the scientific community the path existed.† â€Å"Logical,† Vittoria said. â€Å"Otherwise nobody would know to look for it.† â€Å"Yes, and even if they knew the path existed, scientists would have no way of knowing where the path began. Rome is huge.† â€Å"Okay.† Langdon proceeded down the next aisle, scanning the tabs as he talked. â€Å"About fifteen years ago, some historians at the Sorbonne and I uncovered a series of Illuminati letters filled with references to the segno.† â€Å"The sign. The announcement about the path and where it began.† â€Å"Yes. And since then, plenty of Illuminati academics, myself included, have uncovered other references to the segno. It is accepted theory now that the clue exists and that Galileo mass distributed it to the scientific community without the Vatican ever knowing.† â€Å"How?† â€Å"We're not sure, but most likely printed publications. He published many books and newsletters over the years.† â€Å"That the Vatican no doubt saw. Sounds dangerous.† â€Å"True. Nonetheless the segno was distributed.† â€Å"But nobody has ever actually found it?† â€Å"No. Oddly though, wherever allusions to the segno appear – Masonic diaries, ancient scientific journals, Illuminati letters – it is often referred to by a number.† â€Å"666?† Langdon smiled. â€Å"Actually it's 503.† â€Å"Meaning?† â€Å"None of us could ever figure it out. I became fascinated with 503, trying everything to find meaning in the number – numerology, map references, latitudes.† Langdon reached the end of the aisle, turned the corner, and hurried to scan the next row of tabs as he spoke. â€Å"For many years the only clue seemed to be that 503 began with the number five†¦ one of the sacred Illuminati digits.† He paused. â€Å"Something tells me you recently figured it out, and that's why we're here.† â€Å"Correct,† Langdon said, allowing himself a rare moment of pride in his work. â€Å"Are you familiar with a book by Galileo called Dialogo?† â€Å"Of course. Famous among scientists as the ultimate scientific sellout.† Sellout wasn't quite the word Langdon would have used, but he knew what Vittoria meant. In the early 1630s, Galileo had wanted to publish a book endorsing the Copernican heliocentric model of the solar system, but the Vatican would not permit the book's release unless Galileo included equally persuasive evidence for the church's geo centric model – a model Galileo knew to be dead wrong. Galileo had no choice but to acquiesce to the church's demands and publish a book giving equal time to both the accurate and inaccurate models. â€Å"As you probably know,† Langdon said, â€Å"despite Galileo's compromise, Dialogo was still seen as heretical, and the Vatican placed him under house arrest.† â€Å"No good deed goes unpunished.† Langdon smiled. â€Å"So true. And yet Galileo was persistent. While under house arrest, he secretly wrote a lesser-known manuscript that scholars often confuse with Dialogo. That book is called Discorsi.† Vittoria nodded. â€Å"I've heard of it. Discourses on the Tides.† Langdon stopped short, amazed she had heard of the obscure publication about planetary motion and its effect on the tides. â€Å"Hey,† she said, â€Å"you're talking to an Italian marine physicist whose father worshiped Galileo.† Langdon laughed. Discorsi however was not what they were looking for. Langdon explained that Discorsi had not been Galileo's only work while under house arrest. Historians believed he had also written an obscure booklet called Diagramma. â€Å"Diagramma della Verita,† Langdon said. â€Å"Diagram of Truth.† â€Å"Never heard of it.† â€Å"I'm not surprised. Diagramma was Galileo's most secretive work – supposedly some sort of treatise on scientific facts he held to be true but was not allowed to share. Like some of Galileo's previous manuscripts, Diagramma was smuggled out of Rome by a friend and quietly published in Holland. The booklet became wildly popular in the European scientific underground. Then the Vatican caught wind of it and went on a book-burning campaign.† Vittoria now looked intrigued. â€Å"And you think Diagramma contained the clue? The segno. The information about the Path of Illumination.† â€Å"Diagramma is how Galileo got the word out. That I'm sure of.† Langdon entered the third row of vaults and continued surveying the indicator tabs. â€Å"Archivists have been looking for a copy of Diagramma for years. But between the Vatican burnings and the booklet's low permanence rating, the booklet has disappeared off the face of the earth.† â€Å"Permanence rating?† â€Å"Durability. Archivists rate documents one through ten for their structural integrity. Diagramma was printed on sedge papyrus. It's like tissue paper. Life span of no more than a century.† â€Å"Why not something stronger?† â€Å"Galileo's behest. To protect his followers. This way any scientists caught with a copy could simply drop it in water and the booklet would dissolve. It was great for destruction of evidence, but terrible for archivists. It is believed that only one copy of Diagramma survived beyond the eighteenth century.† â€Å"One?† Vittoria looked momentarily starstruck as she glanced around the room. â€Å"And it's here?† â€Å"Confiscated from the Netherlands by the Vatican shortly after Galileo's death. I've been petitioning to see it for years now. Ever since I realized what was in it.† As if reading Langdon's mind, Vittoria moved across the aisle and began scanning the adjacent bay of vaults, doubling their pace. â€Å"Thanks,† he said. â€Å"Look for reference tabs that have anything to do with Galileo, science, scientists. You'll know it when you see it.† â€Å"Okay, but you still haven't told me how you figured out Diagramma contained the clue. It had something to do with the number you kept seeing in Illuminati letters? 503?† Langdon smiled. â€Å"Yes. It took some time, but I finally figured out that 503 is a simple code. It clearly points to Diagramma.† For an instant Langdon relived his moment of unexpected revelation: August 16. Two years ago. He was standing lakeside at the wedding of the son of a colleague. Bagpipes droned on the water as the wedding party made their unique entrance†¦ across the lake on a barge. The craft was festooned with flowers and wreaths. It carried a Roman numeral painted proudly on the hull – DCII. Puzzled by the marking Langdon asked the father of the bride, â€Å"What's with 602?† â€Å"602?† Langdon pointed to the barge. â€Å"DCII is the Roman numeral for 602.† The man laughed. â€Å"That's not a Roman numeral. That's the name of the barge.† â€Å"The DCII?† The man nodded. â€Å"The Dick and Connie II.† Langdon felt sheepish. Dick and Connie were the wedding couple. The barge obviously had been named in their honor. â€Å"What happened to the DCI?† The man groaned. â€Å"It sank yesterday during the rehearsal luncheon.† Langdon laughed. â€Å"Sorry to hear that.† He looked back out at the barge. The DCII, he thought. Like a miniature QEII. A second later, it had hit him. Now Langdon turned to Vittoria. â€Å"503,† he said, â€Å"as I mentioned, is a code. It's an Illuminati trick for concealing what was actually intended as a Roman numeral. The number 503 in Roman numerals is – â€Å" â€Å"DIII.† Langdon glanced up. â€Å"That was fast. Please don't tell me you're an Illuminata.† She laughed. â€Å"I use Roman numerals to codify pelagic strata.† Of course, Langdon thought. Don't we all. Vittoria looked over. â€Å"So what is the meaning of DIII?† â€Å"DI and DII and DIII are very old abbreviations. They were used by ancient scientists to distinguish between the three Galilean documents most commonly confused. Vittoria drew a quick breath. â€Å"Dialogo†¦ Discorsi†¦ Diagramma.† â€Å"D-one. D-two. D-three. All scientific. All controversial. 503 is DIII. Diagramma. The third of his books.† Vittoria looked troubled. â€Å"But one thing still doesn't make sense. If this segno, this clue, this advertisement about the Path of Illumination was really in Galileo's Diagramma, why didn't the Vatican see it when they repossessed all the copies?† â€Å"They may have seen it and not noticed. Remember the Illuminati markers? Hiding things in plain view? Dissimulation? The segno apparently was hidden the same way – in plain view. Invisible to those who were not looking for it. And also invisible to those who didn't understand it.† â€Å"Meaning?† â€Å"Meaning Galileo hid it well. According to historic record, the segno was revealed in a mode the Illuminati called lingua pura.† â€Å"The pure language?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Mathematics?† â€Å"That's my guess. Seems pretty obvious. Galileo was a scientist after all, and he was writing for scientists. Math would be a logical language in which to lay out the clue. The booklet is called Diagramma, so mathematical diagrams may also be part of the code.† Vittoria sounded only slightly more hopeful. â€Å"I suppose Galileo could have created some sort of mathematical code that went unnoticed by the clergy.† â€Å"You don't sound sold,† Langdon said, moving down the row. â€Å"I'm not. Mainly because you aren't. If you were so sure about DIII, why didn't you publish? Then someone who did have access to the Vatican Archives could have come in here and checked out Diagramma a long time ago.† â€Å"I didn't want to publish,† Langdon said. â€Å"I had worked hard to find the information and – † He stopped himself, embarrassed. â€Å"You wanted the glory.† Langdon felt himself flush. â€Å"In a manner of speaking. It's just that – â€Å" â€Å"Don't look so embarrassed. You're talking to a scientist. Publish or perish. At CERN we call it ‘Substantiate or suffocate.' â€Å" â€Å"It wasn't only wanting to be the first. I was also concerned that if the wrong people found out about the information in Diagramma, it might disappear.† â€Å"The wrong people being the Vatican?† â€Å"Not that they are wrong, per se, but the church has always downplayed the Illuminati threat. In the early 1900s the Vatican went so far as to say the Illuminati were a figment of overactive imaginations. The clergy felt, and perhaps rightly so, that the last thing Christians needed to know was that there was a very powerful anti-Christian movement infiltrating their banks, politics, and universities.† Present tense, Robert, he reminded himself. There IS a powerful anti-Christian force infiltrating their banks, politics, and universities. â€Å"So you think the Vatican would have buried any evidence corroborating the Illuminati threat?† â€Å"Quite possibly. Any threat, real or imagined, weakens faith in the church's power.† â€Å"One more question.† Vittoria stopped short and looked at him like he was an alien. â€Å"Are you serious?† Langdon stopped. â€Å"What do you mean?† â€Å"I mean is this really your plan to save the day?† Langdon wasn't sure whether he saw amused pity or sheer terror in her eyes. â€Å"You mean finding Diagramma?† â€Å"No, I mean finding Diagramma, locating a four-hundred-year-old segno, deciphering some mathematical code, and following an ancient trail of art that only the most brilliant scientists in history have ever been able to follow†¦ all in the next four hours.† Langdon shrugged. â€Å"I'm open to other suggestions.† 50 Robert Langdon stood outside Archive Vault 9 and read the labels on the stacks. Brahe†¦ Clavius†¦ Copernicus†¦ Kepler†¦ Newton†¦ As he read the names again, he felt a sudden uneasiness. Here are the scientists†¦ but where is Galileo? He turned to Vittoria, who was checking the contents of a nearby vault. â€Å"I found the right theme, but Galileo's missing.† â€Å"No he isn't,† she said, frowning as she motioned to the next vault. â€Å"He's over here. But I hope you brought your reading glasses, because this entire vault is his.† Langdon ran over. Vittoria was right. Every indictor tab in Vault 10 carried the same keyword. Il Proceso Galileano Langdon let out a low whistle, now realizing why Galileo had his own vault. â€Å"The Galileo Affair,† he marveled, peering through the glass at the dark outlines of the stacks. â€Å"The longest and most expensive legal proceeding in Vatican history. Fourteen years and six hundred million lire. It's all here.† â€Å"Have a few legal documents.† â€Å"I guess lawyers haven't evolved much over the centuries.† â€Å"Neither have sharks.† Langdon strode to a large yellow button on the side of the vault. He pressed it, and a bank of overhead lights hummed on inside. The lights were deep red, turning the cube into a glowing crimson cell†¦ a maze of towering shelves. â€Å"My God,† Vittoria said, looking spooked. â€Å"Are we tanning or working?† â€Å"Parchment and vellum fades, so vault lighting is always done with dark lights.† â€Å"You could go mad in here.† Or worse, Langdon thought, moving toward the vault's sole entrance. â€Å"A quick word of warning. Oxygen is an oxidant, so hermetic vaults contain very little of it. It's a partial vacuum inside. Your breathing will feel strained.† â€Å"Hey, if old cardinals can survive it.† True, Langdon thought. May we be as lucky. The vault entrance was a single electronic revolving door. Langdon noted the common arrangement of four access buttons on the door's inner shaft, one accessible from each compartment. When a button was pressed, the motorized door would kick into gear and make the conventional half rotation before grinding to a halt – a standard procedure to preserve the integrity of the inner atmosphere. â€Å"After I'm in,† Langdon said, â€Å"just press the button and follow me through. There's only eight percent humidity inside, so be prepared to feel some dry mouth.† Langdon stepped into the rotating compartment and pressed the button. The door buzzed loudly and began to rotate. As he followed its motion, Langdon prepared his body for the physical shock that always accompanied the first few seconds in a hermetic vault. Entering a sealed archive was like going from sea level to 20,000 feet in an instant. Nausea and light-headedness were not uncommon. Double vision, double over, he reminded himself, quoting the archivist's mantra. Langdon felt his ears pop. There was a hiss of air, and the door spun to a stop. He was in. Langdon's first realization was that the air inside was thinner than he had anticipated. The Vatican, it seemed, took their archives a bit more seriously than most. Langdon fought the gag reflex and relaxed his chest while his pulmonary capillaries dilated. The tightness passed quickly. Enter the Dolphin, he mused, gratified his fifty laps a day were good for something. Breathing more normally now, he looked around the vault. Despite the transparent outer walls, he felt a familiar anxiety. I'm in a box, he thought. A blood red box. The door buzzed behind him, and Langdon turned to watch Vittoria enter. When she arrived inside, her eyes immediately began watering, and she started breathing heavily. â€Å"Give it a minute,† Langdon said. â€Å"If you get light-headed, bend over.† â€Å"I†¦ feel†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Vittoria choked, â€Å"like I'm†¦ scuba diving†¦ with the wrong†¦ mixture.† Langdon waited for her to acclimatize. He knew she would be fine. Vittoria Vetra was obviously in terrific shape, nothing like the doddering ancient Radcliffe alumnae Langdon had once squired through Widener Library's hermetic vault. The tour had ended with Langdon giving mouth-to-mouth to an old woman who'd almost aspirated her false teeth. â€Å"Feeling better?† he asked. Vittoria nodded. â€Å"I rode your damn space plane, so I thought I owed you.† This brought a smile. â€Å"Touche.† Langdon reached into the box beside the door and extracted some white cotton gloves. â€Å"Formal affair?† Vittoria asked. â€Å"Finger acid. We can't handle the documents without them. You'll need a pair.† Vittoria donned some gloves. â€Å"How long do we have?† Langdon checked his Mickey Mouse watch. â€Å"It's just past seven.† â€Å"We have to find this thing within the hour.† â€Å"Actually,† Langdon said, â€Å"we don't have that kind of time.† He pointed overhead to a filtered duct. â€Å"Normally the curator would turn on a reoxygenation system when someone is inside the vault. Not today. Twenty minutes, we'll both be sucking wind.† Vittoria blanched noticeably in the reddish glow. Langdon smiled and smoothed his gloves. â€Å"Substantiate or suffocate, Ms. Vetra. Mickey's ticking.†

Heart of Darkness Study Guide Essay

Chapter 1 1. The setting of the story begins on the Nellie, a ship. The turn of the tide is significant because it gives the men on board extra time to talk, and Marlow begins telling his story. In addition, symbolically, the turning of the tide conveys a change, and perhaps, foreshadowing of the story. The author spends a lot of time dealing with light because it is the main symbol in the novella. Light and darkness are universal symbols that represent good and evil. Although not explicitly stated, those who have the light are those who are â€Å"civilized†, and those who have the darkness are those who remain â€Å"uncivilized†, particularly the people living in Africa. 2. Marlow appears different from everyone else on the ship because of how the author describes Marlow’s character. Conrad describes Marlow as having â€Å"sunken cheeks†, a â€Å"yellow complexion†, and resembling that of an â€Å"idol†. Marlow seems ill through this description. Sunken cheeks convey a lack of nourishment, as well as exhaustion. The color yellow in literature has two meanings: happiness and sickness. In this context, one may infer the color yellow to symbolize Marlow’s sickness, or corruption, as it correlates to the rest of his description. Lastly, an â€Å"idol† connotes a phantom. Marlow appears to be different from everyone on the ship through his description. The audience is civilized. All of the men have jobs, a lawyer, an accountant, the director, and the outside narrator. The story also explains how Marlow remained the only one out of the men to still follow the sea. He also portrays how he did not â€Å"represent his class.† This suggests that Marlow may not be as â€Å"civilized† as the other men. As Marlow begins to tell his story, the narrator explains how Marlow is about to embark on another â€Å"inconclusive† experience. The word inconclusive suggests not fully answering doubts and questions. In addition, Marlow begins to remark the â€Å"weakness of many tellers of tales who seem so often unaware of what their audience would best like to hear.† This conveys how Marlow hopes to interest, or intrigue, his audience. Marlow feels inclined to share his story so that his audience better understands him. 3. The Roman reacted to England, a dark place, by â€Å"civilizing† it, or conquering its territory. At that time, England looked like the â€Å"very end of the world.† It possessed â€Å"sand banks, marshes,  forests, savages.† The story conveys how there was little to eat for a civilized man and only the Thames water for drink. England was a dark place at that time because it was uncivilized. 4. According to Marlow, what redeems the conquest of the Earth is the idea only; the idea that men will unselfishly sacrifice themselves for. Marlow explains how conquering land, and the land’s people, really is not a pretty thing. I think Marlow breaks off because it is a sensitive subject for him to discuss, and maybe only something he truly understands. 5. Marlow keeps comparing the river to a serpent. The comparison is interesting because a serpent symbolizes evil, corruption, and temptation. Similar to the story of Adam and Eve, a snake, or the river in this case, tempts the protagonist. 6. Aside from knitting, the two women in the office appear to be secretaries, or receptionists, for the doctor. Both women appear to symbolize fate; they are the fates who spin, measure, or cute the thread of life. This symbol is an allusion to Greek mythology. As Marlow is progressing toward his journey to Africa, it is in the Company’s office that he meets these two women. 7. Fresleven went insane because he had spent so much time in the jungle. After attempting to stab the village chief, Fresleven was killed. The conflict began with an argument over a couple of hens, which cost him, his life. The village became abandoned because the natives became superstitious; they were all very afraid to kill a white man. 8. Marlow’s Aunt calls Marlow an â€Å"emissary of light† because she believes that during his journey to Africa, Marlow is going to bring knowledge and civilization to the â€Å"savages.† This reflects the imperialism during that time period. 9. The man-of-war is a lifeless forested stretch of coast. Once they reach the Congo River, Marlow boards another ship to journey further upriver. The man-of-war portends the lifelessness of many coasts in Africa; most parts of the place appear corrupt and dreary. 10. Marlow describes the Company’s station as a â€Å"Grove of Death†, in which among the trees there are dying natives and recurring dynamite blasts. I think the natives allowed themselves to be bullied by the white men because they felt inferior. During this time, imperialism was popular and the belief that a white man was better than a black man was common. I also do not think natives had the proper technology, means, or knowledge to necessarily stand up to a group of white men either. 11. The accountant is described as an elegant white man with a clean and  well-mannered appearance. The accountant is described as a â€Å"miracle† because he represents the Company, or how the Company wishes to be seen. The accountant is devoted to the Company. The station manager is described as an average man. The manager’s supreme gift is his ability to never get sick. Marlow does not like the station manager because he is jealous of Kurtz, and also because Marlow describes him as â€Å"originating nothing.† This suggests how the manager lacks innovation and is devoted to keeping up with appearances, although he has nothing to offer. The manager comments about how ‘men should only come out here if they don’t have anything inside.’ This conveys that in order to succeed in the ivory trade business and survive in Africa, one must be ruthless. 12. The brick maker appears to be idle as Marlow remarks on how there â€Å"wasn’t a fragment of a brick anywhere in the station.† The brick maker is waiting for his opportunity to move up the ladder within the company. 13. Kurtz’ painting is of a blindfolded woman carrying a lighted torch, in which her face is appears deceived by shadows. I suppose the painting reflects the men traveling to Africa, blindfolded, to civilize the natives, who represent the light. The woman is blindfolded as the European men are blinded by their negative influence on the natives. The shadows suggest darkness, which suggests corruption. 14. The manager and brick maker are upset at Kurtz’ pre-eminence because they are envious at his success. This conveys the competition, desperation, and corruption during this time period to do whatever it takes to be successful, powerful, and rich. For these European men, money was power and that was their desire. Marlow lies to the brick maker by playing along to further understand his motives. In addition, Marlow allows the brick maker to think he has an influence in Europe to gain information about Kurtz. 15. Marlow was unable to get the rivets from the Company. This suggests how the enterprise is allowing loose policies and for things to follow apart; this conveys a lack of professionalism. The manager does not want the rivets to make it out because he wants his Eldorado Exploring Expedition to follow through. 16. The Eldorado Exploring Expedition suggests an expedition in search for gold during this time. Although there was no gold in Africa, ivory was very valuable. This expedition was led by the manager’s uncle. Its purpose is to find ivory and exploit African resources. Chapter 2 1. The manager survives because he cannot get sick. His plan to â€Å"beat Kurtz† is by delaying the trip to the Inner Station, that way hopefully Kurtz’ illness will kill him because he will not receive the proper care in time. 2. The crew of the steamboat was the cannibals. Although savage, the cannibals are much better at controlling their behavior than the pilgrims. The pilgrims appear willing to begin destruction at any cause in order to gain ivory. The definition of â€Å"civilized† seems to belong to those who are able to exercise self-restraint. 3. The drums symbolize the culture that still exists in Africa. The forest appears to be moving throughout the journey, which may be foreshadowing how the natives are moving with the boat to assure that it does not meet Kurtz. 4. â€Å"The earth seemed unearthly† suggests the discomfort Marlow feels along his journey. On a larger scale, this conveys how Africa has become a place lacking of normality and humanity; Marlow expresses how he feels separated from Earth. â€Å"That was the worst of us, the suspicion that they weren’t human,† suggests how corrupt the men were; they appear to show no signs of humanity. 5. Marlow discovers a book about seamanship. The book appears admirable because it is the only bit of reality Marlow has encountered recently. 6. When they wake up, eight miles from the station, the coast has been covered in a thick fog which keeps them stationary. The fog is a white, however, it does not represent light or goodness. The fog suggests how Marlow’s steamer does not know exactly where they are or what lies ahead in their journey; everything appears unclear physically and emotionally. 7. Marlow claims that the natives will not attack because the â€Å"nature of their noise† seems to convey sadness. In addition, Marlow does not understand how there could be an attack with the severe fog. 8. The sounding man is killed first in the attack because he is the first man seen. The river comes to symbolize not only the way in which Marlow begins his journey into himself, but as they venture further up the river, Marlow begins to realize he has more in common with the natives than Europeans. In addition, the river continues to represent the heart of temptation. The helmsman gets killed because he began to freak out, abandoning his position to grab a gun. Marlow drives the natives away by using the steam-whistle. 9. Marlow wanted to meet Kurtz because he had heard such interesting, wild things about him. Kurtz  represents the thrilling and horrifying wildness that Marlow desired. Kurtz abandoned his life in Europe to pursue fortune in Africa. 10. Kurtz head was compared to that of an ivory ball. This suggests how important ivory was to this man; it was the only thing on his mind. Conrad uses a simile, irony, as well as symbolism to convey this. 11. Kurtz paper is about how white men must treat Africans as though the white men are much greater, super natural beings so that they can exert power over them. At the end, the scribble proclaims to exterminate all brutes. 12. The harlequin is the Russian man, Kurtz’ disciple. The harlequin knows a lot about Kurtz, he claims to only listen to Kurtz, and he acts only has information for Marlow. Chapter 3 1. The harlequin is boyish in appearance, and he is young. His brightly patched clothes are similar to the maps in the office Marlow had admired. The harlequin represents youth and adventure. The harlequin is still alive due to Kurtz’ influence. 2. The stakes outside of Kurtz’ compound were human heads. Most were faced in, while a couple was faced outward. They are the heads of â€Å"rebels†. 3. A group of native Africans carry Kurtz on a stretcher. Marlow describes Kurtz as resembling â€Å"an animated image of death carved out of ivory.† This further suggests how Kurtz was willing to die in pursuit of ivory, which symbolizes power. 4. Kurtz brings his guns with him. Since the natives view Kurtz as a deity, they believe that the guns hold great power. Kurtz brings them to further emphasize his power over the natives. 5. The â€Å"wild and gorgeous apparition of a woman† is a native woman, Kurtz’ mistress. Conrad pairs here with being a warrior. 6. Right before Kurtz dies, Marlow recognizes all of Kurtz’ emotions. This relates to Kurtz’ last words â€Å"the horror! The horror!† because perhaps Kurtz realized that the life he was living was actually not worth dying for. Marlow blows out the candle because it is symbolic of Kurtz’ life. 7. â€Å"He had something to say† relates to Kurtz, who always had something to say, while Marlow had nothing to say. Marlow believes that Kurtz last words are a victory because he thinks he realized his negative impact in the world and his corruption at that moment. 8. Back in the city, Marlow discovers that Kurtz had many other talents such as a gift in music and writing. 9. Marlow gives up the idea that the Europeans belong in Africa. He has gone about doing that by no longer choosing to pursue that lifestyle. 10. The Intended is Kurtz’ fiancà ©e. She  is described as being beautiful and often connected with imagery of light and heaven. Marlow’s belief that women live in beautiful worlds, which should not be disturbed, is relevant here as this beautiful woman is not intertwined with Kurtz’ alter lifestyle, his corrupt lifestyle. 11. Kurtz’ Intended claimed to have known him more than anyone else on Earth. However, she did not know the type of lifestyle Kurtz was living. Marlow tells the Intended that Kurtz’ last words were for her name. Marlow claims that â€Å"it would have been too dark† to tell her the truth. I think the Heart of Darkness is when one allows him or herself to live in a false reality, allowing themselves to lie and deceive others for their own benefit.

Qualities of a Great President essays

Qualities of a Great President essays What are the qualities of presidential leadership? What makes a president a great leader? The presidents were great leaders because they knew how to guide and to inspire the American People. The great presidents had leadership qualities such as possessing persistence like Lincoln, having resilience through education like Truman, demanding excellence like Kennedy, having sympathy or compassion like Lincoln, communicating and informing people like Reagan, being decisive like Grant the general, developing esteem like Franklin Roosevelt, having nerve or courage like Washington, practicing team leadership like Eisenhower, and finally sharing a vision like Thomas Jefferson. All these great presidents had these qualities as leaders that have transformed vision into reality. A quality most commonly associated with the president is leadership. A president must be able to lead the country. The president who comes to mind is Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln was a great man. He was honest, humble, and most of all: a great leader. He led in his early political days as well as leading the United States through the toughest time in our nations history. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which was extremely controversial; however, Lincoln held his ground, as all great leaders must. He stood up for what he believed in. He believed in the Constitution, the Bible, and the idea that all men are created equal. For a president to be successful, he needs to be ambitious. Also, the most successful presidents tend to be hard working and persistent. Presidents who succeed set ambitious goals for themselves and move heaven and earth to meet them. Lyndon B. Johnson was a very hard-working and ambitious president. Congress passed his proposals for increased federal aid to education, a cut in excise taxes, stronger safety measures for automobiles, and the establishment of two new executive departments-the Department of Housing and Urban D...

Programa refugiados CAM Honduras, Salvador y Guatemala

Programa refugiados CAM Honduras, Salvador y Guatemala Por orden del gobierno de los Estados Unidos, las autoridades migratorias han puesto fin al programa que permità ­a solicitar  estatus de refugiado para nià ±os ciudadanos centroamericanos de El Salvador, Guatemala o Honduras y que se conocà ­a por el nombre de CAM (Programa de refugiados menores centroamericanos, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Desde el 9 de noviembre de 2017 se han dejado de aceptar solicitudes. Las à ºltimas entrevistas en relacià ³n con este programa se harn con fecha de 31 de enero de 2018. A partir de ese dà ­a, las personas con peticiones presentadas pero sin entrevista recibirn una nota con instrucciones adicionales. Por esta razà ³n este artà ­culo sobre el programa CAM ya no tiene validez y su informacià ³n se refiere solo a cà ³mo era el programa. Cà ³mo era el programa CAM antes del 9 de noviembre de 2017 Si se aprobaba  la solicitud, los nià ±os podrà ­an viajar legalmente a Estados Unidos y permanecer en el paà ­s. En este artà ­culo se explica quà © requisitos debà ­an  reunir los padres para poder solicitar este estatus para sus   hijos, quà © requisitos debà ­an  cumplir los hijos, quà © otras personas podà ­an  beneficiarse, cà ³mo se tramitaba y cules eran las estadà ­sticas. Quià ©n podà ­a  solicitar que sus hijos ingresen a Estados Unidos como refugiados El primer paso era  que el padre o la madre que era quien podà ­a realizar la peticià ³n, estuviera presente en los Estados Unidos legalmente.   Se entiende que se est legalmente si se est en alguna de las siguientes categorà ­as: residente permanente legalTPS o estatus de proteccià ³n temporalbeneficiario de DACA, es decir, llegà ³ a Estados Unidos siendo nià ±o, aplicà ³ por la Accià ³n Diferida y à ©sta le fue aprobada.cancelacià ³n de la deportacià ³n definitiva o temporal, o lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como withholding of removal o deferred enforced deportation. Quà © requisitos debà ­a  reunir el menor para ser pedido como refugiado por este programa En primer lugar, tenà ­a  que ser ciudadano de Guatemala, Honduras o El Salvador. En cuanto a la edad, originalmente se pedà ­a que fuera soltero menor de 21 aà ±os, pero despuà ©s se admitieron  peticiones para mayores de dicha edad, pero tenà ­an que ser solteros. Adems, la relacià ³n entre padre/madre e hijo podà ­a  ser biolà ³gica o por adopcià ³n. Tambià ©n se permità ­a solicitar a los hijastros, si se cumplà ­an una serie de requisitos. En el caso de relacià ³n biolà ³gica se deberà ­a  pasar un control de ADN. Inicialmente se tiene que pagar por este examen, pero si resultaba positivo se regresar el dinero. Quà © otras personas podà ­an  beneficiarse del programa CAM Originalmente, se podà ­a incluir en la peticià ³n del hijo o de la hija a 2 categorà ­as de personas: El padre o la madre que lo cuidaba en Honduras, Guatemala o El Salvador siempre y cuando estuviera legalmente casado con el padre o la madre que hace la peticià ³n. Los hijos solteros que el hijo pedido pudiera tener, es decir, los nietos de la persona que realizaba la peticià ³n.   Pero a partir de un cambio en el programa ya no era  necesario que el padre que pide desde Estados Unidos estuviera legalmente casado con el que cuida al hijo en Honduras, Guatemala o El Salvador.   Adems, se podà ­a  pedir a otros cuidadores del hijo, como por ejemplo abuelos o tà ­os Cà ³mo se tramitaba la peticià ³n CAM de refugio para menores centroamericanos El padre o la madre que estaba  legalmente en Estados Unidos debà ­a llenar el formulario DS-7699 al cual se podà ­a acceder sà ³lo   contactando con una Oficina de Reasentamiento. El trmite era gratuito. El menor debà ­a  ser entrevistado en su paà ­s de origen y si se aprobaba la peticià ³n podà ­a ingresar a Estados Unidos como refugiado. Tambià ©n podà ­a  suceder que el oficial consular no aprobase la peticià ³n. En estos casos hubo un tiempo en que era posible que se concediera un permiso de residencia temporal humanitario de carcter temporal. Es decir, serà ­a vlido por un tiempo pero no era un camino hacia la residencia permanente (green card). Sin embargo, el gobierno del presidente Trump le puso fin a este permiso humanitario con fecha de agosto de 2017. Tambià ©n era  posible que el menor pasara un tiempo en Costa Rica durante la tramitacià ³n de los papeles. Las estadà ­sticas del programa CAM Aunque ms de 9.000 solicitudes fueron  presentadas, menos de 3,000 fueron aprobadas y ms de1.500  personas han ingresado en Estados Unidos bajo este programa que comenzà ³ en diciembre de 2014.  ¿Cul era la razà ³n de la existencia de este programa? Principalmente por dos razones: Para intentar limitar la crisis de la frontera, principalmente con la llegada masiva de nià ±os solos sin ser acompaà ±ados por adultos y procedentes del rea que se conoce como Tringulo Norte (Honduras, Guatemala  y El Salvador).   Y tambià ©n intentar que los migrantes no sufran  violaciones, secuestros, amenazas, mutilaciones, golpizas y todo tipo de tropelà ­as (e incluso asesinatos) en su paso desde sus paà ­ses de origen y a travà ©s de Mà ©xico en su camino hacia el Norte y evitar situaciones de riesgo para sus personas causadas por la violencia de las pandillas en sus paà ­ses de origen Precisamente en situaciones de crisis humanitaria  son frecuentes los fraudes provocados por personas que prometen arreglar papeles cuando simplemente no es el caso. Para evitarlos,  es posible obtener informacià ³n directa de los organismos que llevan asuntos migratorios u obtener buenas referencias de abogados a bajo coste u organizaciones de ayuda a migrantes. Es fundamental evitar abusos. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Communism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communism - Research Paper Example It also promotes the fact that every worker should be rewarded for all his work and also holds a share in the profits. Communism is broadly defined as a movement which aims to fulfill all these aims. It tries to end wage labor and private property in terms of economics. Hence it is considered by many to be a form of governance which provides equality to all the people. The word communism is derived from the community which means that this type of governance takes the whole community when taking decisions. The rich do not get richer in a communist society and the poor do not get poorer. Moreover the state decides as to how the resources have to be allocated in the society. This creates a state of equality in the society because of which people do not have to fight for supreme power. Karl Marx defined communism in the following words â€Å"Communism is for us not a state of affairs that is to be established, an ideal to which reality [will] have to adjust itself. We call communism the real movement that abolishes the present state of things [emphasis in original]† (Holmes 2009). The workers in a communist government are not trapped to a single job as they have the freedom to change jobs whenever they want to. According to Karl Marx â€Å"Society regulates the general production and thus makes it possible for me to do one thing today and another tomorrow, to hunt in the morning, fish in the afternoon, rear cattle in the evening, criticize after dinner, just as I have a mind, without ever becoming a hunter, fisherman, shepherd or critic† (Fandel 2008). Over the years it is seen that many leaders have come who believed in the stability that communism could provide to the whole society. Vladmir Lenin of Russia provides a suitable example of a leader who believed in the roots of communism. He broadened the views of the general society regarding the difference between socialism and communism. He stabilized the roots of communism